Chrome extensions are built using web technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Therefore, the code used to develop a Chrome extension is essentially JavaScript code, but with some additional APIs and functionalities provided by the Chrome browser.

A Chrome extension typically consists of a manifest file and one or more JavaScript files. The manifest file defines various properties of the extension, such as its name, version, and permissions required. The JavaScript files contain the logic and functionality of the extension.

In other words, the code used to develop a Chrome extension is JavaScript code, but with some additional APIs and functionalities provided by the Chrome browser.

To output content in JavaScript, you can use the following methods:

1. alert() method: This method creates a pop-up dialog box that displays the specified message and waits for the user to click the OK button.

   alert('Hello, world!');
   ​

2. console.log() method: This method logs the specified message to the browser's console. This is useful for debugging purposes.

   console.log('Hello, world!');
   ​

3. document.write() method: This method writes the specified message directly to the HTML page. Note that this method should be used with caution, as it can overwrite the entire page if used after the page has loaded.

   document.write('Hello, world!');
   ​

4. innerHTML property: This property sets or returns the HTML content (inner HTML) of an element. This can be used to dynamically update the content of a webpage.

   document.getElementById('myDiv').innerHTML = 'Hello, world!';
   ​

Note that in order to see the output of these methods, you will need to run the JavaScript code in a web browser or a JavaScript console.

<?php
// Read the URL from a file
$redirect_url = file_get_contents('redirect.txt');

// Perform the redirect
header('Location: '.$redirect_url);
exit;
?>

In this example, the URL to redirect to is stored in a file called "redirect.txt". The script reads the URL from the file using the file_get_contents() function and stores it in the $redirect_url variable. Then, it uses the header() function to perform the redirect to the URL stored in $redirect_url. The exit statement is used to stop the script execution after the redirect.

Note that in order for the redirect to work, the header() function must be called before any output is sent to the browser.

<?php
// Open the text file in "read" mode
$file = fopen("counter.txt", "r");

// Read the existing count
$count = fgets($file);

// Close the file
fclose($file);

// Increment the count by 1
$count = $count + 1;

// Open the file again in "write" mode
$file = fopen("counter.txt", "w");

// Write the new count to the file
fwrite($file, $count);

// Close the file
fclose($file);

// Output the count
echo "This page has been visited $count times.";
?>

In this example, the visit count is stored in a text file called "counter.txt". The script reads the existing count from the file, increments it by 1, and then writes the new count back to the file. Finally, the script outputs the count to the webpage.

Note that this is a very basic example and there are many other ways to implement a visit counter in PHP, depending on your specific needs and requirements.